'Babaji and the 18 Siddha Kriya Yoga Tradition' by Marshall Govindan - a review

A fascinating look at the path of Self-Realisation (Enlightenment) which also goes far beyond purely historical and philosophical discussion.

The Siddhas are known as such because they manifest the Divine powers (Siddhis) which naturally arise through spirtualisation and Union (Yoga) with the Source.
The author is uniquely qualified to write on this subject, being himself a devotee and disciple of Babaji, the legendary Himalayan yogi who was made famous by Paramahamsa Yogananda's best-selling book: 'Autobiography of a Yogi'.

Govindan studied for years with Yogi Ramaiah before receiving a call to introduce people to the path of Babaji's Kriya Yoga. His book makes a serious attempt at de-mystifying the story of Babaji, the origins of Babaji's Kriya techniques, and introduces the Siddha gurus that Babaji apparently encountered as a young man almost two thousand years ago.

The book traces the links between these Siddha-gurus and the group of Siddhas known as the eighteen Siddhas in Tamil Nadu (South India), linking these also with Lao-Tse and the Taoist sages of China, and taking the reader even further back, into prehistory through the legends of the Lemurian continent in the Pacific, its links with South India and Sri Lanka, and its forgotten civilisation whose spiritual practises are preserved and embodied by these powerful yogis known as the Siddhas.

The book is not written only for those who are practising yoga, it is of interest to anyone who wishes to have a deeper insight into the nature of existence, consciousness, and our potentially and naturally blissful ever-present awareness of Spirit through Love.

It is believed that Babaji himself resides in an almost inaccessible region of the Himalayas, however, the path of Babaji's Kriya yoga and the Tamil Siddhas as described in the book is not a path of spiritual escapism, or renunciation through remoteness. It is a universal path of love and service to humanity and transformation of all aspects of our lives through action with spiritual awareness (kriya).

The chapters on other Siddhas that have lived in recent times, such as Ramalinga Swamigal and Sri Aurobindo can help to bring the fantastic stories of miracles and God-Consciousness into focus and root us in the awareness that spirituality is not so much about gurus and the authority of religious dogmas, but is really about our own present experience lived in full awareness.

Despite the historical information on Babaji which was mostly received directly by Yogi Ramaiah and V.T. Neelakantan in the 1950s, there is often a resistance to de-mystifying the story of Babaji's origins. Much of this information is therefore not generally known or agreed upon within the various lineages of Kriya Yoga.
However, there is also something to be said for considering the 'real' Babaji as being simply the form that the Divine mystery takes when appearing as a human being, and as not being in any way limited to this history of a single human form, even though it is certainly an instructive and inspiring story that sheds light on some very powerful insights and practices known as the Tamil Siddha Yoga tradition.

Some consider Babaji to be Shiva or Murugan...

"'Babaji' is not a 'person'... He is a Spiritual phenomenon."

Shibendu Lahiri (great-grandson of Lahiri Mayasaya)

Nath Sampradaya

The Natha Sampradaya is a development of the earlier Siddha or Avadhuta Sampradaya, an ancient lineage of spiritual masters. Its founding is traditionally ascribed as an ideal reflected by the life and spiritual attainments of the guru Dattatreya, who was considered by many to have been a human incarnation of Lord Shiva. The establishment of the Naths as a distinct historical sect purportedly began around the 8th or 9th century with a simple fisherman, Matsyendranath (sometimes called Minanath, who may be identified with or called the father of Matsyendranath in some sources).

One story of the origin of the Nath teachings is that Matsyendranath was swallowed by a fish and while inside the fish overheard the teachings given by Shiva to his wife Parvati. According to legend, the reason behind Shiva imparting a teaching at the bottom of the ocean was in order to avoid being overheard by others. In the form of a fish, Matsyendranath exerted his hearing in the manner required to overhear and absorb the teachings of Shiva. After being rescued from the fish by another fisherman, Matsyendranath took initiation as a sannyasin from Siddha Carpati. It was Matsyendranath who became known as the founder of the specific stream of yogis known as the Nath Sampradaya.

Matysendranath's two most important disciples were Caurangi and Gorakshanath. The latter came to eclipse his Master in importance in many of the branches and sub-sects of the Nath Sampradaya. Even today, Gorakshanath is considered by many to have been the most influential of the ancient Naths. He is also reputed to have written the first books dealing with Laya yoga and the raising of the kundalini-shakti.

There are several sites, ashrams and temples in India dedicated to Gorakshanatha. Many of them have been built at sites where he lived and engaged in meditation and other sadhanas. According to tradition, his samadhi shrine and gaddi (seat) reside at the Goraknath Temple in Gorakhpur. However, Baghavan Nityananda stated that the samadhi shrines (tombs) of both Matsyendranath and Gorakshanath reside at Nath Mandir near the Vajreshwari Temple about a kilometer from Ganeshpuri.

The Natha Sampradaya does not recognize caste barriers, and their teachings were adopted by outcasts and kings alike. The heterodox Nath tradition has many sub-sects, but all honor Matsyendranath and Gorakshanath as the founders of the tradition.

(source: Wikipedia)

Siva - Vasi - VaSiVaSiVaSiVaSiVaSi

In an 'esoteric' understanding of Saiva Siddhanta Yoga practice, 'Siva' (or 'Shiva') is not 'a god'...

Siva is energy and is the breath of life. 'Siva' is both life itself (as breath/'spirit') and the means to attune to the flow of life (through bringing attention to one's breath).

(Being representative of 'Spirit' or 'Source', Siva is also associated specifically with the Crown Chakra, or 'Sahasrara' Chakra.)

From the Sutra Jnanam by Valmiki Siddhar:

"What we are now in this eternal moment is the sacred Divine Breath, Vasi!"

What leads us to the infinite mind of the universe, through Ida and Pingala (the twin energy of Mother Kundalini), the left and right breath is this sacred Divine Breath, Vasi!

The One who posses this infinite universal mind is the Perfected Being, the Siddhar

Realizing all the living in the Universe as Sacred- as Siva, the Absolute is the Siddhar."

What is a true 'Guru'? (from the Kula-Arnava-Tantra)

"There are many gurus, like lamps in house after house,

but hard to find, O Devi,

is the guru who lights up all like the sun.

There are many gurus who are proficient in the Vedas and the Shastras,

but hard to find, O Devi,

is the guru who has attained to the supreme Truth.

There are many gurus on Earth who give what is other than the Self,

but hard to find in all the worlds, O Devi,

is the guru who reveals the Self.

Many are the gurus who rob the disciple of his wealth,

but rare is the guru who removes the afflictions of the disciple.

He is a [true] guru by whose very contact there flows the supreme Bliss.

The intelligent person should choose such a one as his guru and none other."

(Translation from Feuerstein's 'The Yoga Tradition')